Saros 2

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 2

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 2

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 2 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 2
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-36 -2861-May-0402:32:14 69665 8122 -60119 Pb t- -1.5346 0.0204 71S 140E 0 - -
2-35 -2843-May-1409:22:15 69129 8014 -59896 P t- -1.4518 0.1694 71S 22E 0 - -
3-34 -2825-May-2516:15:40 68595 7907 -59673 P t- -1.3703 0.3171 70S 97W 0 - -
4-33 -2807-Jun-0423:13:03 68064 7801 -59450 P t- -1.2907 0.4623 69S 144E 0 - -
5-32 -2789-Jun-1606:17:10 67534 7695 -59227 P t- -1.2152 0.6008 68S 24E 0 - -
6-31 -2771-Jun-2613:28:23 67006 7590 -59004 P t- -1.1440 0.7316 67S 98W 0 - -
7-30 -2753-Jul-0720:47:21 66481 7485 -58781 P t- -1.0782 0.8529 66S 140E 0 - -
8-29 -2735-Jul-1804:15:30 65957 7382 -58558 P t- -1.0187 0.9623 65S 15E 0 - -
9-28 -2717-Jul-2911:53:42 65436 7279 -58335 T t- -0.9667 1.0081 51S 103W 14 11200m40s
10-27 -2699-Aug-0819:42:08 64917 7176 -58112 T t- -0.9222 1.0104 43S 136E 22 9200m53s
11-26 -2681-Aug-2003:39:40 64399 7075 -57889 T t- -0.8843 1.0116 39S 12E 28 8401m00s
12-25 -2663-Aug-3011:47:49 63884 6973 -57666 T p- -0.8543 1.0123 37S 114W 31 8001m03s
13-24 -2645-Sep-1020:05:14 63371 6873 -57443 T p- -0.8313 1.0128 37S 117E 34 7801m04s
14-23 -2627-Sep-2104:31:23 62860 6773 -57220 T p- -0.8148 1.0134 38S 14W 35 7701m04s
15-22 -2609-Oct-0213:04:49 62351 6674 -56997 T p- -0.8039 1.0140 41S 147W 36 7901m05s
16-21 -2591-Oct-1221:44:51 61844 6576 -56774 T p- -0.7976 1.0149 44S 78E 37 8301m06s
17-20 -2573-Oct-2406:29:57 61339 6478 -56551 T p- -0.7951 1.0162 48S 58W 37 9001m09s
18-19 -2555-Nov-0315:17:04 60836 6381 -56328 T p- -0.7938 1.0180 52S 166E 37 10001m14s
19-18 -2537-Nov-1500:06:35 60335 6285 -56105 T p- -0.7940 1.0202 56S 29E 37 11201m21s
20-17 -2519-Nov-2508:54:47 59837 6189 -55882 T p- -0.7932 1.0230 61S 106W 37 12801m29s
21-16 -2501-Dec-0617:41:20 59340 6094 -55659 T p- -0.7905 1.0264 65S 121E 37 14601m40s
22-15 -2483-Dec-1702:22:39 58846 6000 -55436 T p- -0.7832 1.0304 69S 7W 38 16501m54s
23-14 -2465-Dec-2811:00:17 58353 5907 -55213 T p- -0.7728 1.0348 72S 130W 39 18502m10s
24-13 -2446-Jan-0719:30:40 57863 5814 -54990 T p- -0.7564 1.0396 73S 114E 41 20402m28s
25-12 -2428-Jan-1903:54:09 57374 5721 -54767 T p- -0.7339 1.0448 71S 0E 42 22102m50s
26-11 -2410-Jan-2912:09:14 56888 5630 -54544 T p- -0.7043 1.0501 67S 115W 45 23503m15s
27-10 -2392-Feb-0920:17:04 56404 5539 -54321 T p- -0.6684 1.0555 62S 126E 48 24703m43s
28 -9 -2374-Feb-2004:16:46 55922 5449 -54098 T p- -0.6255 1.0607 56S 6E 51 25604m14s
29 -8 -2356-Mar-0212:08:44 55442 5359 -53875 T p- -0.5761 1.0657 48S 114W 55 26204m47s
30 -7 -2338-Mar-1319:53:57 54964 5270 -53652 T p- -0.5206 1.0702 41S 126E 58 26705m21s
31 -6 -2320-Mar-2403:32:59 54488 5182 -53429 T p- -0.4597 1.0741 33S 7E 62 27005m53s
32 -5 -2302-Apr-0411:05:58 54014 5095 -53206 T n- -0.3934 1.0774 24S 111W 67 27106m24s
33 -4 -2284-Apr-1418:35:00 53542 5008 -52983 T n- -0.3237 1.0799 16S 131E 71 27206m50s
34 -3 -2266-Apr-2602:00:23 53072 4922 -52760 T n- -0.2508 1.0816 8S 15E 75 27107m09s
35 -2 -2248-May-0609:24:49 52605 4836 -52537 T n- -0.1771 1.0823 0N 100W 80 26907m20s
36 -1 -2230-May-1716:46:35 52139 4752 -52314 T nn -0.1012 1.0821 8N 145E 84 26607m21s
37 0 -2212-May-2800:10:36 51676 4667 -52091 Tm nn -0.0273 1.0809 16N 30E 89 26107m13s
38 1 -2194-Jun-0807:34:56 51214 4584 -51868 T nn 0.0464 1.0789 23N 84W 87 25506m56s
39 2 -2176-Jun-1815:03:33 50755 4501 -51645 T nn 0.1160 1.0761 29N 162E 83 24806m33s
40 3 -2158-Jun-2922:34:09 50298 4419 -51422 T -n 0.1835 1.0724 34N 49E 79 23906m04s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 2
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 4 -2140-Jul-1006:11:52 49842 4338 -51199 T -n 0.2449 1.0681 38N 65W 76 22905m33s
42 5 -2122-Jul-2113:54:19 49389 4257 -50976 T -n 0.3021 1.0632 41N 180W 72 21705m01s
43 6 -2104-Jul-3121:44:28 48938 4177 -50753 T -n 0.3525 1.0580 43N 65E 69 20404m30s
44 7 -2086-Aug-1205:41:08 48489 4098 -50530 T -n 0.3970 1.0524 43N 53W 66 18904m01s
45 8 -2068-Aug-2213:47:07 48042 4019 -50307 T -p 0.4334 1.0468 41N 173W 64 17203m34s
46 9 -2050-Sep-0222:00:07 47597 3942 -50084 T -p 0.4636 1.0412 39N 64E 62 15503m08s
47 10 -2032-Sep-1306:20:34 47155 3864 -49861 T -p 0.4874 1.0357 36N 62W 61 13602m45s
48 11 -2014-Sep-2414:48:06 46714 3788 -49638 T -p 0.5049 1.0305 33N 169E 59 11802m24s
49 12 -1996-Oct-0423:22:27 46275 3712 -49415 T -p 0.5162 1.0257 29N 39E 59 10102m05s
50 13 -1978-Oct-1608:01:24 45839 3637 -49192 T -p 0.5234 1.0214 25N 94W 58 8401m47s
51 14 -1960-Oct-2616:44:07 45404 3562 -48969 T -p 0.5268 1.0175 21N 132E 58 7001m31s
52 15 -1942-Nov-0701:28:59 44971 3488 -48746 H3 -p 0.5281 1.0143 17N 2W 58 5701m17s
53 16 -1924-Nov-1710:14:48 44541 3415 -48523 H -p 0.5279 1.0116 14N 137W 58 4701m06s
54 17 -1906-Nov-2818:58:06 44113 3343 -48300 H -p 0.5292 1.0095 12N 89E 58 3800m56s
55 18 -1888-Dec-0903:39:24 43686 3271 -48077 H -p 0.5316 1.0079 10N 45W 58 3200m48s
56 19 -1870-Dec-2012:15:19 43262 3200 -47854 H -p 0.5376 1.0067 9N 176W 57 2700m42s
57 20 -1852-Dec-3020:45:22 42840 3130 -47631 H -p 0.5480 1.0059 9N 53E 57 2400m38s
58 21 -1833-Jan-1105:06:52 42420 3060 -47408 H -p 0.5649 1.0052 11N 76W 56 2200m34s
59 22 -1815-Jan-2113:20:53 42002 2991 -47185 H -p 0.5872 1.0048 13N 158E 54 2100m31s
60 23 -1797-Feb-0121:25:04 41586 2923 -46962 H -p 0.6167 1.0043 17N 33E 52 1900m28s
61 24 -1779-Feb-1205:18:57 41172 2855 -46739 H -p 0.6542 1.0038 22N 90W 49 1700m24s
62 25 -1761-Feb-2313:02:48 40761 2789 -46516 H -p 0.6991 1.0028 28N 149E 45 1400m17s
63 26 -1743-Mar-0520:36:39 40351 2722 -46293 H -p 0.7515 1.0016 35N 29E 41 800m09s
64 27 -1725-Mar-1704:01:17 39943 2657 -46070 A -p 0.8103 0.9997 44N 89W 36 200m02s
65 28 -1707-Mar-2711:15:38 39538 2592 -45847 A -t 0.8765 0.9970 54N 151E 28 2200m14s
66 29 -1689-Apr-0718:22:46 39134 2528 -45624 A -t 0.9475 0.9929 65N 24E 18 7900m30s
67 30 -1671-Apr-1801:21:33 38733 2465 -45401 P -t 1.0242 0.9438 72N 144W 0 - -
68 31 -1653-Apr-2908:14:33 38333 2402 -45178 P -t 1.1043 0.7986 71N 98E 0 - -
69 32 -1635-May-0915:02:11 37936 2340 -44955 P -t 1.1873 0.6487 71N 19W 0 - -
70 33 -1617-May-2021:47:06 37541 2279 -44732 P -t 1.2713 0.4980 70N 135W 0 - -
71 34 -1599-May-3104:30:14 37148 2219 -44509 P -t 1.3552 0.3484 69N 111E 0 - -
72 35 -1581-Jun-1111:12:27 36756 2159 -44286 P -t 1.4385 0.2011 68N 3W 0 - -
73 36 -1563-Jun-2117:56:42 36367 2100 -44063 Pe -t 1.5188 0.0607 67N 117W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 2

Solar eclipses of Saros 2 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -2861 May 04. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -1563 Jun 21. The total duration of Saros series 2 is 1298.17 years.

Summary of Saros 2
First Eclipse -2861 May 04
Last Eclipse -1563 Jun 21
Series Duration 1298.17 Years
No. of Eclipses 73
Sequence 8P 43T 12H 3A 7P

Saros 2 is composed of 73 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 2
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PartialP 15 20.5%
AnnularA 3 4.1%
TotalT 43 58.9%
HybridH 12 16.4%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 2 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 2
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 58100.0%
Central (two limits) 58100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 73 eclipses in Saros 2 occur in the following order : 8P 43T 12H 3A 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 2 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 2
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -1689 Apr 0700m30s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -1725 Mar 1700m02s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -2230 May 1707m21s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -2717 Jul 2900m40s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -1942 Nov 0701m17s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -1743 Mar 0500m09s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -2735 Jul 18 - 0.96233
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -2861 May 04 - 0.02044

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.