EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 25 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-34	-2033-Apr-30	13:33:58	47188	3870	-49878	Pb	t-	1.4817	0.1262	61N	67E	0	-	-
2	-33	-2015-May-10	20:10:10	46747	3794	-49655	P	t-	1.4043	0.2638	61N	42W	0	-	-
3	-32	-1997-May-22	02:44:31	46308	3718	-49432	P	t-	1.3257	0.4028	62N	152W	0	-	-
4	-31	-1979-Jun-01	09:16:32	45872	3642	-49209	P	t-	1.2456	0.5436	62N	99E	0	-	-
5	-30	-1961-Jun-12	15:50:38	45437	3568	-48986	P	t-	1.1679	0.6791	63N	10W	0	-	-
6	-29	-1943-Jun-22	22:26:01	45004	3494	-48763	P	t-	1.0917	0.8107	64N	120W	0	-	-
7	-28	-1925-Jul-04	05:06:15	44574	3421	-48540	P	t-	1.0198	0.9337	65N	128E	0	-	-
8	-27	-1907-Jul-14	11:49:47	44145	3348	-48317	A	t-	0.9509	0.9452	83N	36E	17	676	03m30s
9	-26	-1889-Jul-25	18:41:30	43719	3277	-48094	A	p-	0.8891	0.9427	86N	90E	27	470	04m01s
10	-25	-1871-Aug-05	01:39:20	43295	3206	-47871	A	p-	0.8330	0.9393	78N	5W	33	411	04m37s
11	-24	-1853-Aug-16	08:45:46	42872	3135	-47648	A	p-	0.7843	0.9356	70N	112W	38	389	05m17s
12	-23	-1835-Aug-26	16:00:16	42452	3066	-47425	A	p-	0.7424	0.9317	62N	137E	42	381	06m00s
13	-22	-1817-Sep-06	23:24:48	42034	2997	-47202	A	p-	0.7089	0.9279	56N	23E	45	383	06m45s
14	-21	-1799-Sep-17	06:57:28	41618	2928	-46979	A	p-	0.6825	0.9244	49N	93W	47	388	07m32s
15	-20	-1781-Sep-28	14:38:03	41204	2861	-46756	A	p-	0.6626	0.9211	43N	148E	48	395	08m19s
16	-19	-1763-Oct-08	22:25:35	40792	2794	-46533	A	p-	0.6489	0.9183	38N	27E	49	403	09m05s
17	-18	-1745-Oct-20	06:19:53	40382	2728	-46310	A	p-	0.6406	0.9160	33N	95W	50	411	09m50s
18	-17	-1727-Oct-30	14:17:24	39974	2662	-46087	A	p-	0.6351	0.9144	29N	142E	50	418	10m32s
19	-16	-1709-Nov-10	22:18:31	39568	2597	-45864	A	p-	0.6326	0.9133	25N	18E	51	423	11m10s
20	-15	-1691-Nov-21	06:19:23	39165	2533	-45641	A	p-	0.6298	0.9131	22N	106W	51	424	11m40s
21	-14	-1673-Dec-02	14:20:43	38763	2470	-45418	A	p-	0.6275	0.9135	19N	130E	51	423	12m00s
22	-13	-1655-Dec-12	22:16:53	38364	2407	-45195	A	p-	0.6208	0.9147	16N	7E	52	414	12m07s
23	-12	-1637-Dec-24	06:10:28	37966	2345	-44972	A	p-	0.6120	0.9165	14N	114W	52	401	11m58s
24	-11	-1618-Jan-03	13:56:17	37571	2284	-44749	A	p-	0.5963	0.9190	13N	126E	53	382	11m34s
25	-10	-1600-Jan-14	21:35:55	37177	2223	-44526	A	p-	0.5756	0.9221	11N	8E	55	358	10m55s
26	-9	-1582-Jan-25	05:05:33	36786	2163	-44303	A	p-	0.5461	0.9257	10N	107W	57	331	10m07s
27	-8	-1564-Feb-05	12:28:13	36397	2104	-44080	A	p-	0.5107	0.9297	9N	139E	59	303	09m13s
28	-7	-1546-Feb-15	19:41:04	36010	2046	-43857	A	p-	0.4663	0.9340	9N	29E	62	275	08m17s
29	-6	-1528-Feb-27	02:44:50	35625	1988	-43634	A	p-	0.4142	0.9385	9N	78W	65	248	07m24s
30	-5	-1510-Mar-09	09:39:59	35242	1931	-43411	A	p-	0.3543	0.9430	9N	176E	69	223	06m36s
31	-4	-1492-Mar-19	16:27:55	34861	1875	-43188	A	pn	0.2880	0.9476	9N	73E	73	200	05m53s
32	-3	-1474-Mar-30	23:09:04	34482	1819	-42965	A	nn	0.2152	0.9519	9N	28W	78	180	05m17s
33	-2	-1456-Apr-10	05:44:20	34105	1764	-42742	A	nn	0.1369	0.9560	10N	127W	82	162	04m47s
34	-1	-1438-Apr-21	12:15:56	33731	1710	-42519	A	nn	0.0548	0.9598	10N	135E	87	146	04m24s
35	0	-1420-May-01	18:44:59	33358	1656	-42296	A	nn	-0.0298	0.9631	9N	37E	88	133	04m05s
36	1	-1402-May-13	01:11:58	32987	1604	-42073	Am	nn	-0.1169	0.9660	8N	60W	83	123	03m51s
37	2	-1384-May-23	07:40:06	32619	1552	-41850	A	nn	-0.2038	0.9684	7N	157W	78	116	03m41s
38	3	-1366-Jun-03	14:10:10	32252	1500	-41627	A	nn	-0.2895	0.9703	4N	105E	73	111	03m35s
39	4	-1348-Jun-13	20:44:59	31888	1450	-41404	A	-p	-0.3723	0.9716	1N	5E	68	109	03m31s
40	5	-1330-Jun-25	03:23:42	31526	1400	-41181	A	-p	-0.4524	0.9724	3S	97W	63	110	03m29s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	6	-1312-Jul-05	10:10:48	31166	1351	-40958	A	-p	-0.5262	0.9728	8S	159E	58	114	03m26s
42	7	-1294-Jul-16	17:04:58	30807	1303	-40735	A	-p	-0.5948	0.9727	13S	52E	53	122	03m24s
43	8	-1276-Jul-27	00:09:05	30451	1255	-40512	A	-p	-0.6562	0.9724	19S	58W	49	131	03m20s
44	9	-1258-Aug-07	07:21:47	30097	1208	-40289	A	-p	-0.7112	0.9717	25S	170W	44	144	03m15s
45	10	-1240-Aug-17	14:46:24	29745	1162	-40066	A	-p	-0.7573	0.9709	31S	73E	41	159	03m08s
46	11	-1222-Aug-28	22:21:03	29395	1117	-39843	A	-p	-0.7959	0.9701	37S	46W	37	176	03m01s
47	12	-1204-Sep-08	06:06:09	29048	1072	-39620	A	-p	-0.8267	0.9694	43S	169W	34	194	02m52s
48	13	-1186-Sep-19	14:01:54	28702	1028	-39397	A	-p	-0.8496	0.9689	49S	66E	31	210	02m44s
49	14	-1168-Sep-29	22:07:25	28358	985	-39174	A	-p	-0.8656	0.9689	54S	62W	30	222	02m34s
50	15	-1150-Oct-11	06:21:45	28017	943	-38951	A	-p	-0.8748	0.9693	59S	168E	29	227	02m24s
51	16	-1132-Oct-21	14:42:09	27677	901	-38728	A	-p	-0.8800	0.9703	64S	37E	28	225	02m12s
52	17	-1114-Nov-01	23:09:38	27340	860	-38505	A	-p	-0.8800	0.9718	68S	95W	28	214	02m00s
53	18	-1096-Nov-12	07:40:45	27004	820	-38282	A	-p	-0.8782	0.9740	72S	134E	28	196	01m47s
54	19	-1078-Nov-23	16:14:43	26671	781	-38059	A	-p	-0.8747	0.9769	77S	6E	29	172	01m33s
55	20	-1060-Dec-04	00:48:38	26340	743	-37836	A	-p	-0.8722	0.9803	81S	116W	29	145	01m17s
56	21	-1042-Dec-15	09:22:15	26010	705	-37613	A	-p	-0.8706	0.9842	84S	138E	29	115	01m00s
57	22	-1024-Dec-25	17:52:47	25683	668	-37390	A	-p	-0.8726	0.9887	84S	51E	29	83	00m43s
58	23	-1005-Jan-06	02:19:14	25358	632	-37167	A	-p	-0.8787	0.9935	81S	49W	28	48	00m24s
59	24	-0987-Jan-16	10:40:23	25035	617	-36944	A	-p	-0.8903	0.9986	77S	164W	27	11	00m05s
60	25	-0969-Jan-27	18:55:40	24714	610	-36721	H	-p	-0.9076	1.0037	74S	77E	24	31	00m13s
61	26	-0951-Feb-07	03:03:13	24395	603	-36498	T	-p	-0.9320	1.0088	70S	41W	21	85	00m31s
62	27	-0933-Feb-18	11:03:57	24079	596	-36275	T	-p	-0.9629	1.0133	67S	155W	15	173	00m45s
63	28	-0915-Feb-28	18:56:49	23764	590	-36052	T-	-t	-1.0010	1.0009	61S	110E	0	-	-
64	29	-0897-Mar-12	02:43:50	23451	583	-35829	P	-t	-1.0448	0.9218	61S	17W	0	-	-
65	30	-0879-Mar-22	10:22:05	23141	576	-35606	P	-t	-1.0964	0.8273	61S	141W	0	-	-
66	31	-0861-Apr-02	17:56:15	22832	569	-35383	P	-t	-1.1520	0.7240	61S	95E	0	-	-
67	32	-0843-Apr-13	01:23:49	22526	562	-35160	P	-t	-1.2133	0.6086	61S	27W	0	-	-
68	33	-0825-Apr-24	08:49:17	22221	555	-34937	P	-t	-1.2771	0.4874	61S	148W	0	-	-
69	34	-0807-May-04	16:09:43	21919	549	-34714	P	-t	-1.3454	0.3566	62S	91E	0	-	-
70	35	-0789-May-15	23:30:48	21619	542	-34491	P	-t	-1.4136	0.2249	62S	29W	0	-	-
71	36	-0771-May-26	06:49:55	21321	535	-34268	Pe	-t	-1.4836	0.0895	63S	149W	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 25

Solar eclipses of Saros 25 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -2033 Apr 30. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -0771 May 26. The total duration of Saros series 25 is 1262.11 years.

Summary of Saros 25

First Eclipse	-2033 Apr 30
Last Eclipse	-0771 May 26
Series Duration	1262.11 Years
No. of Eclipses	71
Sequence	7P 52A 1H 3T 8P

Saros 25 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 25
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	71	100.0%
Partial	P	15	21.1%
Annular	A	52	73.2%
Total	T	3	4.2%
Hybrid	H	1	1.4%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 25 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 25
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	56	100.0%
Central (two limits)	55	98.2%
Central (one limit)	0	0.0%
Non-Central (one limit)	1	1.8%

The 71 eclipses in Saros 25 occur in the following order : 7P 52A 1H 3T 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 25 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse	-1655 Dec 12	12m07s	-
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse	-0987 Jan 16	00m05s	-
Longest Total Solar Eclipse	-0933 Feb 18	00m45s	-
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse	-0951 Feb 07	00m31s	-
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-0969 Jan 27	00m13s	-
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-0969 Jan 27	00m13s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	-1925 Jul 04	-	0.93370
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0771 May 26	-	0.08950

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 25

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.