Saros 53

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 53 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s		 ΔT Sigma
s		 Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°		 Long

°		 Sun Alt
°		 Path Width km Central Dur
1-33 -1277-Sep-0614:48:22 30469 1257 -40523 Pb t- 1.5327 0.0601 71N 150W 0 - -
2-32 -1259-Sep-1622:14:56 30115 1211 -40300 P t- 1.5026 0.1119 71N 83E 0 - -
3-31 -1241-Sep-2805:49:51 29763 1164 -40077 P t- 1.4790 0.1525 72N 46W 0 - -
4-30 -1223-Oct-0813:32:52 29413 1119 -39854 P t- 1.4616 0.1823 72N 177W 0 - -
5-29 -1205-Oct-1921:22:36 29065 1074 -39631 P t- 1.4494 0.2031 72N 50E 0 - -
6-28 -1187-Oct-3005:18:35 28719 1030 -39408 P t- 1.4420 0.2159 71N 85W 0 - -
7-27 -1169-Nov-1013:17:12 28375 987 -39185 P t- 1.4364 0.2254 70N 141E 0 - -
8-26 -1151-Nov-2021:19:18 28033 945 -38962 P t- 1.4333 0.2305 69N 6E 0 - -
9-25 -1133-Dec-0205:20:20 27694 903 -38739 P t- 1.4289 0.2377 68N 127W 0 - -
10-24 -1115-Dec-1213:21:00 27356 862 -38516 P t- 1.4241 0.2452 67N 100E 0 - -
11-23 -1097-Dec-2321:16:17 27021 822 -38293 P t- 1.4145 0.2608 66N 31W 0 - -
12-22 -1078-Jan-0305:08:44 26687 783 -38070 P t- 1.4022 0.2806 65N 161W 0 - -
13-21 -1060-Jan-1412:53:34 26356 744 -37847 P t- 1.3829 0.3121 64N 71E 0 - -
14-20 -1042-Jan-2420:31:50 26027 707 -37624 P t- 1.3580 0.3531 63N 54W 0 - -
15-19 -1024-Feb-0504:00:43 25699 670 -37401 P t- 1.3249 0.4084 62N 177W 0 - -
16-18 -1006-Feb-1511:22:30 25374 634 -37178 P t- 1.2853 0.4750 62N 62E 0 - -
17-17 -0988-Feb-2618:35:29 25051 617 -36955 P t- 1.2375 0.5563 61N 56W 0 - -
18-16 -0970-Mar-0901:40:07 24730 611 -36732 P t- 1.1821 0.6513 61N 173W 0 - -
19-15 -0952-Mar-1908:37:18 24411 604 -36509 P t- 1.1195 0.7597 61N 73E 0 - -
20-14 -0934-Mar-3015:28:02 24094 597 -36286 P t- 1.0509 0.8795 61N 40W 0 - -
21-13 -0916-Apr-0922:12:44 23779 590 -36063 A t- 0.9762 0.9512 60N 127W 12 84703m26s
22-12 -0898-Apr-2104:53:01 23467 583 -35840 A t- 0.8967 0.9590 58N 151E 26 33103m04s
23-11 -0880-May-0111:30:11 23156 576 -35617 A p- 0.8135 0.9653 57N 61E 35 21202m42s
24-10 -0862-May-1218:06:43 22847 569 -35394 A p- 0.7287 0.9706 56N 30W 43 15202m21s
25 -9 -0844-May-2300:41:46 22541 563 -35171 A p- 0.6416 0.9753 55N 122W 50 11402m03s
26 -8 -0826-Jun-0307:19:53 22236 556 -34948 A p- 0.5560 0.9792 53N 145E 56 8901m47s
27 -7 -0808-Jun-1314:00:15 21934 549 -34725 A p- 0.4714 0.9825 50N 50E 62 7001m34s
28 -6 -0790-Jun-2420:46:53 21634 542 -34502 A p- 0.3906 0.9852 47N 48W 67 5701m24s
29 -5 -0772-Jul-0503:37:39 21335 535 -34279 A p- 0.3122 0.9873 42N 148W 72 4701m15s
30 -4 -0754-Jul-1610:37:33 21039 528 -34056 A n- 0.2404 0.9888 37N 108E 76 4101m09s
31 -3 -0736-Jul-2617:44:42 20745 521 -33833 A nn 0.1737 0.9899 32N 2E 80 3601m04s
32 -2 -0718-Aug-0701:01:54 20453 515 -33610 A nn 0.1145 0.9906 26N 108W 83 3301m01s
33 -1 -0700-Aug-1708:28:12 20163 508 -33387 A nn 0.0617 0.9910 20N 138E 86 3200m59s
34 0 -0682-Aug-2816:06:00 19875 501 -33164 A nn 0.0175 0.9913 14N 22E 89 3100m57s
35 1 -0664-Sep-0723:53:59 19589 493 -32941 A nn -0.0189 0.9914 8N 97W 89 3000m57s
36 2 -0646-Sep-1907:51:28 19305 486 -32718 A nn -0.0483 0.9916 2N 141E 87 3000m55s
37 3 -0628-Sep-2915:59:08 19023 479 -32495 A nn -0.0700 0.9919 4S 17E 86 2900m52s
38 4 -0610-Oct-1100:15:25 18744 472 -32272 A nn -0.0854 0.9925 9S 109W 85 2700m48s
39 5 -0592-Oct-2108:39:47 18467 465 -32049 A nn -0.0947 0.9934 14S 123E 84 2300m42s
40 6 -0574-Nov-0117:09:27 18192 458 -31826 A nn -0.1004 0.9947 18S 6W 84 1900m33s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s		 ΔT Sigma
s		 Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°		 Long

°		 Sun Alt
°		 Path Width km Central Dur
41 7 -0556-Nov-1201:44:59 17918 451 -31603 A nn -0.1018 0.9965 22S 136W 84 1200m21s
42 8 -0538-Nov-2310:23:11 17647 444 -31380 A nn -0.1019 0.9989 25S 94E 84 400m06s
43 9 -0520-Dec-0319:03:03 17379 438 -31157 Hm nn -0.1012 1.0019 28S 35W 84 700m11s
44 10 -0502-Dec-1503:42:18 17110 431 -30934 H nn -0.1020 1.0054 29S 165W 84 1900m32s
45 11 -0484-Dec-2512:20:05 16801 424 -30711 H nn -0.1047 1.0095 30S 67E 84 3300m55s
46 12 -0465-Jan-0520:53:51 16489 418 -30488 H nn -0.1115 1.0141 30S 61W 83 4901m20s
47 13 -0447-Jan-1605:22:55 16181 411 -30265 T nn -0.1230 1.0191 29S 172E 83 6601m46s
48 14 -0429-Jan-2713:46:15 15892 405 -30042 T nn -0.1402 1.0245 28S 47E 82 8402m12s
49 15 -0411-Feb-0622:03:33 15604 398 -29819 T nn -0.1633 1.0300 26S 77W 80 10302m38s
50 16 -0393-Feb-1806:12:24 15323 392 -29596 T -n -0.1941 1.0358 24S 160E 79 12303m03s
51 17 -0375-Feb-2814:14:46 15054 385 -29373 T -n -0.2310 1.0415 22S 40E 77 14203m28s
52 18 -0357-Mar-1122:08:58 14785 379 -29150 T -n -0.2753 1.0471 20S 79W 74 16203m53s
53 19 -0339-Mar-2205:57:48 14527 373 -28927 T -n -0.3250 1.0523 18S 163E 71 18204m17s
54 20 -0321-Apr-0213:37:59 14276 367 -28704 T -n -0.3824 1.0571 17S 47E 67 20204m41s
55 21 -0303-Apr-1221:14:41 14025 360 -28481 T -p -0.4433 1.0614 16S 67W 64 22205m04s
56 22 -0285-Apr-2404:44:57 13786 354 -28258 T -p -0.5097 1.0649 17S 179E 59 24405m25s
57 23 -0267-May-0412:13:04 13548 348 -28035 T -p -0.5786 1.0677 18S 66E 55 26705m43s
58 24 -0249-May-1519:36:46 13311 342 -27812 T -p -0.6516 1.0695 20S 46W 49 29505m56s
59 25 -0231-May-2603:01:05 13087 336 -27589 T -p -0.7244 1.0704 24S 158W 43 32906m01s
60 26 -0213-Jun-0610:24:23 12862 330 -27366 T -p -0.7983 1.0702 29S 89E 37 37705m55s
61 27 -0195-Jun-1617:49:21 12641 325 -27143 T -p -0.8710 1.0687 37S 25W 29 45605m36s
62 28 -0177-Jun-2801:16:31 12430 319 -26920 T -t -0.9421 1.0656 47S 141W 19 64904m59s
63 29 -0159-Jul-0808:48:07 12219 313 -26697 T- -t -1.0095 1.0055 67S 100E 0 - -
64 30 -0141-Jul-1916:24:17 12013 307 -26474 P -t -1.0734 0.8809 68S 26W 0 - -
65 31 -0123-Jul-3000:05:42 11813 302 -26251 P -t -1.1329 0.7651 69S 153W 0 - -
66 32 -0105-Aug-1007:54:01 11612 296 -26028 P -t -1.1867 0.6607 70S 76E 0 - -
67 33 -0087-Aug-2015:49:37 11417 291 -25805 P -t -1.2344 0.5685 70S 56W 0 - -
68 34 -0069-Aug-3123:52:27 11223 285 -25582 P -t -1.2763 0.4881 71S 169E 0 - -
69 35 -0051-Sep-1108:03:18 11030 280 -25359 P -t -1.3116 0.4207 72S 32E 0 - -
70 36 -0033-Sep-2216:22:17 10844 274 -25136 P -t -1.3404 0.3661 72S 108W 0 - -
71 37 -0015-Oct-0300:49:11 10658 269 -24913 P -t -1.3626 0.3245 72S 111E 0 - -
72 38 0003-Oct-1409:21:43 10473 264 -24690 P -t -1.3802 0.2917 71S 32W 0 - -
73 39 0021-Oct-2418:01:36 10296 259 -24467 P -t -1.3921 0.2701 71S 177W 0 - -
74 40 0039-Nov-0502:46:06 10119 254 -24244 P -t -1.4005 0.2550 70S 38E 0 - -
75 41 0057-Nov-1511:35:06 9943 248 -24021 P -t -1.4053 0.2466 69S 107W 0 - -
76 42 0075-Nov-2620:25:12 9769 243 -23798 P -t -1.4093 0.2398 68S 108E 0 - -
77 43 0093-Dec-0705:17:19 9596 238 -23575 P -t -1.4118 0.2355 67S 37W 0 - -
78 44 0111-Dec-1814:08:08 9423 233 -23352 P -t -1.4155 0.2289 66S 179E 0 - -
79 45 0129-Dec-2822:56:25 9251 228 -23129 P -t -1.4213 0.2183 65S 35E 0 - -
80 46 0148-Jan-0907:40:31 9079 224 -22906 P -t -1.4306 0.2011 64S 106W 0 - -
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s		 ΔT Sigma
s		 Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°		 Long

°		 Sun Alt
°		 Path Width km Central Dur
81 47 0166-Jan-1916:19:18 8908 219 -22683 P -t -1.4441 0.1759 63S 114E 0 - -
82 48 0184-Jan-3100:51:07 8736 214 -22460 P -t -1.4630 0.1406 62S 24W 0 - -
83 49 0202-Feb-1009:14:51 8564 209 -22237 P -t -1.4883 0.0932 62S 160W 0 - -
84 50 0220-Feb-2117:30:31 8392 205 -22014 Pe -t -1.5198 0.0341 61S 67E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 53

Solar eclipses of Saros 53 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -1277 Sep 06. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0220 Feb 21. The total duration of Saros series 53 is 1496.50 years.

Summary of Saros 53
First Eclipse -1277 Sep 06
Last Eclipse 0220 Feb 21
Series Duration 1496.50 Years
No. of Eclipses 84
Sequence 20P 22A 4H 17T 21P

Saros 53 is composed of 84 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 53
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 84100.0%
PartialP 41 48.8%
AnnularA 22 26.2%
TotalT 17 20.2%
HybridH 4 4.8%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 53 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 53
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 43100.0%
Central (two limits) 42 97.7%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 2.3%

The 84 eclipses in Saros 53 occur in the following order : 20P 22A 4H 17T 21P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 53 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0916 Apr 0903m26s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0538 Nov 2300m06s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -0231 May 2606m01s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -0447 Jan 1601m46s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0465 Jan 0501m20s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0520 Dec 0300m11s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0141 Jul 19 - 0.88086
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0220 Feb 21 - 0.03410

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 53

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.