EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 54 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-37	-1284-Jul-25	11:02:09	30609	1276	-40611	Pb	t-	-1.4896	0.0988	64S	109E	0	-	-
2	-36	-1266-Aug-05	18:33:30	30254	1229	-40388	P	t-	-1.4315	0.2051	63S	15W	0	-	-
3	-35	-1248-Aug-16	02:16:32	29901	1183	-40165	P	t-	-1.3816	0.2965	62S	141W	0	-	-
4	-34	-1230-Aug-27	10:08:19	29551	1137	-39942	P	t-	-1.3378	0.3767	62S	90E	0	-	-
5	-33	-1212-Sep-06	18:10:30	29202	1092	-39719	P	t-	-1.3017	0.4428	61S	40W	0	-	-
6	-32	-1194-Sep-18	02:21:30	28855	1048	-39496	P	t-	-1.2720	0.4973	61S	173W	0	-	-
7	-31	-1176-Sep-28	10:42:43	28510	1004	-39273	P	t-	-1.2503	0.5371	61S	51E	0	-	-
8	-30	-1158-Oct-09	19:11:02	28168	962	-39050	P	t-	-1.2335	0.5678	61S	86W	0	-	-
9	-29	-1140-Oct-20	03:46:19	27827	920	-38827	P	t-	-1.2220	0.5889	61S	135E	0	-	-
10	-28	-1122-Oct-31	12:26:53	27489	878	-38604	P	t-	-1.2145	0.6028	61S	5W	0	-	-
11	-27	-1104-Nov-10	21:12:25	27153	838	-38381	P	t-	-1.2108	0.6096	62S	147W	0	-	-
12	-26	-1086-Nov-22	05:58:47	26819	798	-38158	P	t-	-1.2074	0.6160	62S	71E	0	-	-
13	-25	-1068-Dec-02	14:46:38	26486	760	-37935	P	t-	-1.2051	0.6206	63S	71W	0	-	-
14	-24	-1050-Dec-13	23:32:17	26156	721	-37712	P	t-	-1.2007	0.6290	64S	146E	0	-	-
15	-23	-1032-Dec-24	08:16:37	25828	684	-37489	P	t-	-1.1948	0.6402	65S	4E	0	-	-
16	-22	-1013-Jan-04	16:54:50	25502	648	-37266	P	t-	-1.1840	0.6608	66S	137W	0	-	-
17	-21	-0995-Jan-15	01:29:41	25178	620	-37043	P	t-	-1.1700	0.6877	67S	82E	0	-	-
18	-20	-0977-Jan-26	09:56:23	24856	613	-36820	P	t-	-1.1494	0.7272	68S	57W	0	-	-
19	-19	-0959-Feb-05	18:17:18	24537	606	-36597	P	t-	-1.1236	0.7770	69S	164E	0	-	-
20	-18	-0941-Feb-17	02:28:56	24219	600	-36374	P	t-	-1.0900	0.8420	70S	27E	0	-	-
21	-17	-0923-Feb-27	10:34:42	23903	593	-36151	P	t-	-1.0513	0.9173	71S	108W	0	-	-
22	-16	-0905-Mar-10	18:31:51	23590	586	-35928	T-	t-	-1.0054	1.0069	71S	118E	0	-	-
23	-15	-0887-Mar-21	02:22:04	23278	579	-35705	T	t-	-0.9535	1.0558	68S	64W	17	625	03m18s
24	-14	-0869-Apr-01	10:05:23	22969	572	-35482	T	t-	-0.8957	1.0623	58S	158E	26	459	04m04s
25	-13	-0851-Apr-11	17:43:10	22661	565	-35259	T	p-	-0.8328	1.0677	48S	31E	33	397	04m50s
26	-12	-0833-Apr-23	01:16:00	22356	558	-35036	T	p-	-0.7659	1.0720	39S	90W	40	361	05m33s
27	-11	-0815-May-03	08:44:31	22053	552	-34813	T	p-	-0.6952	1.0754	30S	151E	46	338	06m13s
28	-10	-0797-May-14	16:10:57	21752	545	-34590	T	p-	-0.6225	1.0778	22S	34E	51	320	06m47s
29	-9	-0779-May-24	23:36:03	21453	538	-34367	T	p-	-0.5485	1.0792	14S	82W	57	305	07m11s
30	-8	-0761-Jun-05	07:00:38	21156	531	-34144	T	p-	-0.4739	1.0797	7S	163E	62	292	07m25s
31	-7	-0743-Jun-15	14:26:45	20861	524	-33921	T	p-	-0.4006	1.0792	1S	49E	66	279	07m28s
32	-6	-0725-Jun-26	21:55:02	20568	517	-33698	T	n-	-0.3290	1.0777	5N	66W	71	266	07m18s
33	-5	-0707-Jul-07	05:27:26	20277	510	-33475	T	n-	-0.2610	1.0755	9N	180E	75	253	07m00s
34	-4	-0689-Jul-18	13:03:09	19988	503	-33252	T	n-	-0.1959	1.0724	12N	65E	79	240	06m35s
35	-3	-0671-Jul-28	20:45:32	19702	496	-33029	T	nn	-0.1366	1.0688	14N	51W	82	226	06m07s
36	-2	-0653-Aug-09	04:33:38	19417	489	-32806	T	nn	-0.0822	1.0645	14N	168W	85	212	05m37s
37	-1	-0635-Aug-19	12:29:29	19134	482	-32583	T	nn	-0.0347	1.0600	14N	72E	88	197	05m08s
38	0	-0617-Aug-30	20:31:56	18854	475	-32360	Tm	nn	0.0068	1.0550	12N	49W	90	182	04m39s
39	1	-0599-Sep-10	04:42:55	18575	468	-32137	T	nn	0.0409	1.0501	10N	172W	88	166	04m13s
40	2	-0581-Sep-21	13:00:55	18301	461	-31914	T	nn	0.0687	1.0450	7N	62E	86	150	03m48s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	3	-0563-Oct-01	21:25:45	18026	454	-31691	T	-n	0.0903	1.0402	4N	66W	85	135	03m25s
42	4	-0545-Oct-13	05:57:30	17753	447	-31468	T	-n	0.1057	1.0355	0S	165E	84	120	03m04s
43	5	-0527-Oct-23	14:34:52	17485	440	-31245	T	-n	0.1157	1.0313	4S	34E	83	106	02m46s
44	6	-0509-Nov-03	23:17:12	17216	434	-31022	T	-n	0.1214	1.0275	7S	98W	83	94	02m29s
45	7	-0491-Nov-14	08:01:15	16924	427	-30799	T	-n	0.1252	1.0241	10S	130E	83	83	02m15s
46	8	-0473-Nov-25	16:48:22	16612	420	-30576	T	-n	0.1260	1.0213	13S	3W	83	73	02m03s
47	9	-0455-Dec-06	01:34:38	16300	414	-30353	T	-n	0.1267	1.0191	15S	135W	83	66	01m53s
48	10	-0437-Dec-17	10:19:34	16006	407	-30130	H3	-n	0.1284	1.0173	16S	93E	83	60	01m45s
49	11	-0419-Dec-27	19:00:00	15717	401	-29907	H	-n	0.1331	1.0160	16S	38W	82	56	01m39s
50	12	-0400-Jan-08	03:36:19	15429	394	-29684	H	-n	0.1407	1.0152	15S	167W	82	53	01m35s
51	13	-0382-Jan-18	12:05:36	15160	388	-29461	H	-n	0.1536	1.0147	13S	65E	81	51	01m33s
52	14	-0364-Jan-29	20:27:12	14891	382	-29238	H	-n	0.1720	1.0144	10S	62W	80	50	01m31s
53	15	-0346-Feb-09	04:39:56	14626	375	-29015	H	-n	0.1971	1.0142	5S	173E	79	50	01m30s
54	16	-0328-Feb-20	12:43:46	14375	369	-28792	H	-n	0.2288	1.0141	0N	50E	77	50	01m29s
55	17	-0310-Mar-02	20:37:02	14124	363	-28569	H	-n	0.2685	1.0139	6N	71W	74	49	01m26s
56	18	-0292-Mar-13	04:20:56	13879	357	-28346	H	-p	0.3152	1.0134	13N	170E	72	48	01m22s
57	19	-0274-Mar-24	11:54:50	13642	351	-28123	H	-p	0.3694	1.0126	20N	53E	68	47	01m15s
58	20	-0256-Apr-03	19:20:37	13404	345	-27900	H	-p	0.4292	1.0114	28N	62W	64	43	01m05s
59	21	-0238-Apr-15	02:36:05	13175	339	-27677	H	-p	0.4968	1.0096	37N	174W	60	38	00m53s
60	22	-0220-Apr-25	09:45:41	12951	333	-27454	H	-p	0.5683	1.0072	45N	75E	55	30	00m37s
61	23	-0202-May-06	16:47:05	12726	327	-27231	H	-p	0.6458	1.0041	54N	34W	49	19	00m20s
62	24	-0184-May-16	23:45:15	12513	321	-27008	H	-p	0.7248	1.0003	64N	142W	43	2	00m01s
63	25	-0166-May-28	06:36:54	12302	315	-26785	A	-t	0.8080	0.9955	74N	112E	36	27	00m19s
64	26	-0148-Jun-07	13:28:35	12092	310	-26562	A	-t	0.8902	0.9897	86N	5E	27	81	00m39s
65	27	-0130-Jun-18	20:17:20	11892	304	-26339	A	-t	0.9738	0.9819	79N	92E	12	302	01m02s
66	28	-0112-Jun-29	03:07:55	11691	298	-26116	P	-t	1.0546	0.8848	65N	16W	0	-	-
67	29	-0094-Jul-10	09:58:47	11493	293	-25893	P	-t	1.1339	0.7423	64N	129W	0	-	-
68	30	-0076-Jul-20	16:54:12	11300	287	-25670	P	-t	1.2082	0.6098	64N	116E	0	-	-
69	31	-0058-Jul-31	23:53:10	11106	282	-25447	P	-t	1.2785	0.4859	63N	1E	0	-	-
70	32	-0040-Aug-11	06:57:38	10917	277	-25224	P	-t	1.3433	0.3729	62N	115W	0	-	-
71	33	-0022-Aug-22	14:08:22	10731	271	-25001	P	-t	1.4018	0.2723	62N	128E	0	-	-
72	34	-0004-Sep-01	21:26:44	10545	266	-24778	P	-t	1.4531	0.1850	61N	9E	0	-	-
73	35	0014-Sep-13	04:52:39	10366	261	-24555	P	-t	1.4974	0.1109	61N	112W	0	-	-
74	36	0032-Sep-23	12:26:16	10189	256	-24332	Pe	-t	1.5346	0.0495	61N	125E	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 54

Solar eclipses of Saros 54 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -1284 Jul 25. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0032 Sep 23. The total duration of Saros series 54 is 1316.20 years.

Summary of Saros 54

First Eclipse	-1284 Jul 25
Last Eclipse	0032 Sep 23
Series Duration	1316.20 Years
No. of Eclipses	74
Sequence	21P 26T 15H 3A 9P

Saros 54 is composed of 74 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 54
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	74	100.0%
Partial	P	30	40.5%
Annular	A	3	4.1%
Total	T	26	35.1%
Hybrid	H	15	20.3%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 54 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 54
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	44	100.0%
Central (two limits)	43	97.7%
Central (one limit)	0	0.0%
Non-Central (one limit)	1	2.3%

The 74 eclipses in Saros 54 occur in the following order : 21P 26T 15H 3A 9P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 54 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse	-0130 Jun 18	01m02s	-
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse	-0166 May 28	00m19s	-
Longest Total Solar Eclipse	-0743 Jun 15	07m28s	-
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse	-0455 Dec 06	01m53s	-
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-0437 Dec 17	01m45s	-
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-0184 May 16	00m01s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0923 Feb 27	-	0.91733
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	0032 Sep 23	-	0.04954

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 54

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.