Saros 140

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 140 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s		 ΔT Sigma
s		 Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°		 Long

°		 Sun Alt
°		 Path Width km Central Dur
1-37 1512-Apr-1606:22:24 184 20 -6032 Pb t- -1.5289 0.0003 71S 132E 0 - -
2-36 1530-Apr-2714:07:19 166 20 -5809 P t- -1.4726 0.1082 70S 3E 0 - -
3-35 1548-May-0721:46:51 149 20 -5586 P t- -1.4121 0.2249 69S 124W 0 - -
4-34 1566-May-1905:20:58 137 20 -5363 P t- -1.3472 0.3506 68S 111E 0 - -
5-33 1584-Jun-0812:52:24 127 20 -5140 P t- -1.2802 0.4805 67S 13W 0 - -
6-32 1602-Jun-1920:19:20 114 20 -4917 P t- -1.2097 0.6173 66S 136W 0 - -
7-31 1620-Jun-3003:46:24 88 17 -4694 P t- -1.1393 0.7535 65S 102E 0 - -
8-30 1638-Jul-1111:11:51 62 14 -4471 P t- -1.0677 0.8916 64S 19W 0 - -
9-29 1656-Jul-2118:39:47 40 12 -4248 T- t- -0.9983 1.0244 63S 141W 0 - -
10-28 1674-Aug-0202:07:57 20 9 -4025 T t- -0.9295 1.0560 46S 121E 21 49804m08s
11-27 1692-Aug-1209:41:05 8 6 -3802 T p- -0.8649 1.0546 40S 9E 30 35304m10s
12-26 1710-Aug-2417:17:15 9 5 -3579 T p- -0.8032 1.0519 36S 105W 36 28204m00s
13-25 1728-Sep-0400:59:22 10 4 -3356 T p- -0.7466 1.0484 35S 140E 41 23603m44s
14-24 1746-Sep-1508:46:36 12 3 -3133 T p- -0.6948 1.0441 35S 23E 46 20103m23s
15-23 1764-Sep-2516:41:43 15 2 -2910 T p- -0.6502 1.0394 36S 95W 49 17103m01s
16-22 1782-Oct-0700:43:19 16 2 -2687 T p- -0.6113 1.0344 38S 145E 52 14402m37s
17-21 1800-Oct-1808:51:52 13 1 -2464 T p- -0.5788 1.0293 40S 23E 54 12002m14s
18-20 1818-Oct-2917:07:09 12 1 -2241 T p- -0.5524 1.0241 43S 99W 56 9801m51s
19-19 1836-Nov-0901:29:25 5 1 -2018 T p- -0.5327 1.0191 46S 137E 58 7701m28s
20-18 1854-Nov-2009:56:58 7 1 -1795 H3 p- -0.5179 1.0144 49S 13E 59 5701m07s
21-17 1872-Nov-3018:29:33 -1 0 -1572 H p- -0.5081 1.0099 51S 112W 59 4000m47s
22-16 1890-Dec-1203:05:28 -6 0 -1349 H p- -0.5016 1.0059 53S 124E 60 2400m28s
23-15 1908-Dec-2311:44:28 9 0 -1126 H n- -0.4985 1.0024 53S 1W 60 1000m12s
24-14 1927-Jan-0320:22:53 24 0 -903 A n- -0.4956 0.9995 53S 125W 60 200m03s
25-13 1945-Jan-1405:01:43 27 0 -680 A n- -0.4937 0.9970 51S 110E 60 1200m15s
26-12 1963-Jan-2513:37:12 35 0 -457 A n- -0.4898 0.9951 48S 15W 60 2000m25s
27-11 1981-Feb-0422:09:24 51 0 -234 A n- -0.4838 0.9938 44S 141W 61 2500m33s
28-10 1999-Feb-1606:34:38 63 0 -11 A n- -0.4726 0.9928 40S 94E 62 2900m40s
29 -9 2017-Feb-2614:54:33 68 0 212 A n- -0.4578 0.9922 35S 31W 63 3100m44s
30 -8 2035-Mar-0923:05:54 75 3 435 A n- -0.4368 0.9919 29S 155W 64 3100m48s
31 -7 2053-Mar-2007:08:19 85 10 658 A n- -0.4089 0.9919 23S 83E 66 3100m50s
32 -6 2071-Mar-3115:01:06 96 19 881 A n- -0.3739 0.9919 17S 37W 68 3100m52s
33 -5 2089-Apr-1022:44:41 111 30 1104 A n- -0.3319 0.9919 10S 155W 71 3000m53s
34 -4 2107-Apr-2306:18:41 128 43 1327 A nn -0.2828 0.9918 4S 90E 74 3000m56s
35 -3 2125-May-0313:42:33 147 57 1550 A nn -0.2263 0.9915 3N 23W 77 3100m59s
36 -2 2143-May-1420:58:14 170 72 1773 Am nn -0.1637 0.9908 9N 133W 81 3301m05s
37 -1 2161-May-2504:05:43 194 89 1996 A nn -0.0950 0.9898 16N 119E 85 3601m12s
38 0 2179-Jun-0511:05:36 221 106 2219 A nn -0.0209 0.9884 21N 14E 89 4101m21s
39 1 2197-Jun-1517:59:33 251 125 2442 A nn 0.0574 0.9864 27N 88W 87 4801m32s
40 2 2215-Jun-2800:48:45 284 145 2665 A nn 0.1388 0.9839 31N 171E 82 5801m44s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s		 ΔT Sigma
s		 Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°		 Long

°		 Sun Alt
°		 Path Width km Central Dur
41 3 2233-Jul-0807:35:24 319 166 2888 A nn 0.2215 0.9809 35N 72E 77 7001m59s
42 4 2251-Jul-1914:18:46 356 188 3111 A -p 0.3062 0.9773 38N 25W 72 8502m16s
43 5 2269-Jul-2921:03:04 396 211 3334 A -p 0.3893 0.9732 40N 122W 67 10402m35s
44 6 2287-Aug-1003:47:41 439 235 3557 A -p 0.4714 0.9686 41N 141E 62 12702m56s
45 7 2305-Aug-2110:35:44 484 260 3780 A -p 0.5498 0.9637 41N 43E 56 15503m21s
46 8 2323-Sep-0117:26:08 532 286 4003 A -p 0.6253 0.9584 42N 56W 51 19103m48s
47 9 2341-Sep-1200:22:46 583 313 4226 A -p 0.6950 0.9529 42N 158W 46 23404m19s
48 10 2359-Sep-2307:24:41 636 340 4449 A -p 0.7595 0.9471 42N 99E 40 29104m53s
49 11 2377-Oct-0314:33:16 691 369 4672 A -p 0.8178 0.9413 43N 6W 35 36605m29s
50 12 2395-Oct-1421:49:15 749 398 4895 A -p 0.8692 0.9354 44N 114W 29 47106m07s
51 13 2413-Oct-2505:13:19 810 429 5118 A -p 0.9130 0.9298 46N 136E 24 62806m43s
52 14 2431-Nov-0512:45:39 874 460 5341 A -t 0.9497 0.9242 50N 23E 18 90207m15s
53 15 2449-Nov-1520:23:55 939 492 5564 An -t 0.9810 0.9186 55N 90W 10 - 07m35s
54 16 2467-Nov-2704:10:20 1008 525 5787 A+ -t 1.0051 0.9433 64N 157E 0 - -
55 17 2485-Dec-0712:01:58 1079 558 6010 A+ -t 1.0243 0.9099 65N 30E 0 - -
56 18 2503-Dec-1919:59:20 1152 593 6233 P -t 1.0386 0.8851 66N 99W 0 - -
57 19 2521-Dec-3003:58:49 1229 628 6456 P -t 1.0507 0.8642 67N 131E 0 - -
58 20 2540-Jan-1012:01:33 1307 664 6679 P -t 1.0600 0.8482 68N 0W 0 - -
59 21 2558-Jan-2020:03:51 1389 701 6902 P -t 1.0694 0.8325 69N 132W 0 - -
60 22 2576-Feb-0104:04:57 1473 738 7125 P -t 1.0794 0.8160 70N 96E 0 - -
61 23 2594-Feb-1112:02:15 1559 777 7348 P -t 1.0922 0.7950 71N 35W 0 - -
62 24 2612-Feb-2319:55:47 1648 816 7571 P -t 1.1077 0.7696 72N 167W 0 - -
63 25 2630-Mar-0603:42:06 1740 856 7794 P -t 1.1289 0.7349 72N 63E 0 - -
64 26 2648-Mar-1611:21:51 1834 897 8017 P -t 1.1553 0.6916 72N 66W 0 - -
65 27 2666-Mar-2718:53:04 1930 938 8240 P -t 1.1882 0.6370 72N 167E 0 - -
66 28 2684-Apr-0702:17:14 2030 981 8463 P -t 1.2266 0.5731 72N 43E 0 - -
67 29 2702-Apr-1909:30:31 2132 1024 8686 P -t 1.2736 0.4941 71N 79W 0 - -
68 30 2720-Apr-2916:37:14 2236 1067 8909 P -t 1.3258 0.4059 71N 162E 0 - -
69 31 2738-May-1023:34:28 2343 1112 9132 P -t 1.3856 0.3041 70N 45E 0 - -
70 32 2756-May-2106:26:47 2453 1157 9355 P -t 1.4491 0.1954 69N 69W 0 - -
71 33 2774-Jun-0113:10:06 2565 1203 9578 Pe -t 1.5197 0.0737 68N 179E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 140

Solar eclipses of Saros 140 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1512 Apr 16. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 2774 Jun 01. The total duration of Saros series 140 is 1262.11 years.

Summary of Saros 140
First Eclipse 1512 Apr 16
Last Eclipse 2774 Jun 01
Series Duration 1262.11 Years
No. of Eclipses 71
Sequence 8P 11T 4H 32A 16P

Saros 140 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 140
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 24 33.8%
AnnularA 32 45.1%
TotalT 11 15.5%
HybridH 4 5.6%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 140 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 140
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 47100.0%
Central (two limits) 43 91.5%
Central (one limit) 1 2.1%
Non-Central (one limit) 3 6.4%

The 71 eclipses in Saros 140 occur in the following order : 8P 11T 4H 32A 16P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 140 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 2449 Nov 1507m35s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 1927 Jan 0300m03s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 1692 Aug 1204m10s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 1836 Nov 0901m28s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1854 Nov 2001m07s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1908 Dec 2300m12s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 1638 Jul 11 - 0.89161
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 1512 Apr 16 - 0.00030

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.